小型傳染病醫院廢水處理設備裝置
特殊廢水處理技術
1 酸性廢水處理
醫院酸性廢水主要來自于檢驗項目或化學清洗劑。
酸性廢水腐蝕排水管道，與金屬反應產生氫氣，濃度較高時與水接觸放熱，與鹽類接觸發生爆炸。
酸性廢水引起廢水整體pH值的變化，也會引起和促成其他化學物質的變化。
氮化鈉等物質在酸性條件下能生成疊氮化鈉（NaN3），引起爆炸，且有很強的毒性。
對酸性廢水常采用中和處理。以氫氧化鈉、石灰作為中和劑，加入酸性廢水中通過攪拌達到目的。
2 含氰廢水處理
醫院在檢驗和化學檢查分析中常使用氰化物，由此而產生含氰廢水和廢液。氰化物對人和其他動物都有很強的毒性。
氰化物對人的致死劑量平均為幾十至一百多mg。
含氰廢水常用的處理方法有：化學氧化法、電解法、離子交換法、活性炭吸附法和生物處理法等。
張掖這片土地有著難以言喻的美：祁連雪山白、悠悠黑河水、夢柯冰川藍、山丹草場綠、民樂油菜黃，還有集七彩的丹霞地貌……
工藝流程：對于綜合醫院(不帶傳染病房)污水處理可采用“預處理→一級強化處理→消毒”的工藝。通過混凝沉淀(過濾)去除攜帶病毒、病菌的顆粒物，提高消毒效果并降低消毒劑的用量,三層TPEP涂層越性能主要是由于它將底層環氧粉末、中間層粘接劑和外層聚乙烯有機地結合成了一個整體，從而使該涂層具有熔結環氧粉末(FBE)涂層和聚乙烯涂層的優點
小型傳染病醫院廢水處理設備裝置
(五)主機設備：每二年對生物載體填料、曝氣器進行保養一次,所以本次我們共邀請了5名省內外的專家進行方案評審、專家從項目提升方案的工藝方法、工藝流程及可行性等方面進行了論證，并通過溝通交流、答疑解惑、提出意見等方式現場優選方案，使方案更加科學化、規范化，更好的達到預期效果,消毒可采用巴氏蒸汽消毒或投加石灰等方式,After hydrolysis and acidification, the wastewater enters oxygen-poor tank, contact oxidation tank and secondary sedimentation tank in order to circulate, so that the wastewater is in the environment of anoxic and oxygen-enriched cycle transformation, and the following transformation can be achieved.- Denitrification; converting organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen, transforming ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen through aerobic microbial nitrification bacteria, and then transforming nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through anaerobic microbial denitrification bacteria, escaping from sewage- phosphorus removal; high phosphorus content sludge is formed by phosphorus accumulating bacteria releasing phosphorus in anoxic environment and absorbing excessive phosphorus in oxygen-rich environment.- Degrading organic matter thoroughly; On the basis of hydrolysis acidification, utilizing the characteristics of rapid propagation of aerobic microorganisms in oxygen-rich environment and rapid propagation of anaerobic microorganisms in anoxic environment, degrading organic matter in turn and transforming it into sludge(3) Disinfection of sewage to meet discharge standards(4) Regular removal of sludgeThe characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: the volume of the oxygen-poor pool is much smaller than that of the contact oxidation pool. When the sewage circulates, the residence time in the oxygen-poor pool is very short, while the residence time in the contact oxidation pool is very long, so that the sludge produced by biochemical treatment is mainly deposited in the contact oxidation pool.The characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: the oxygen-poor pool is composed of adjusting aeration pool and anoxic pool in series. The two pools are connected structure. By changing the aeration degree of the adjusting aeration pool, the sewage is fully mixed and the water is uniform.4. The sewage treatment method for small and medium-sized hospitals as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the sewage treatment station also includes a sludge concentration pond which is connected with a contact oxidation pond, and the sludge concentration pond is e with a reflux pipe.與調節曝氣池連通，回流管路上配有回水泵，開啟回水泵，將污泥濃縮池的上層污水泵回調節曝氣池，使下層的污泥濃縮，也使接觸氧化池中的污泥持續進入污泥濃縮池The characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: chlorine dioxide is injected into the drainage pipe of secondary sedimentation tank; chlorine dioxide flow rate is accurately measured by metering pump to reduce residual chlorine residue; at the same time, water body is sufficiently mixed from the contact oxidation tank and aerated by blower to reduce dosage.6. The small and medium-sized hospital sewage treatment method described in Fig. 4 is characterized by that the sewage return flow R = 1:1, i.e. the sewage circulation flow: the treated discharge flow = 1:1.At present, the total number of medical units above county level (including industrial and mining enterprises hospitals, military hospitals, private hospitals and Sino-foreign joint venture hospitals, etc.) in our country (except Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan region) is about 21,000, of which 1041 are tertiary first-class hospitals, accounting for about 5% of the total number of hospitals, 90% of which are small and medium-sized hospitals below secondary level, relatively speaking, large hospitals. All of them have more standardized wastewater treatment systems, and are e with professional maintenance and management. However, due to the reasons of fund, operation cost and personnel , a large number of small and medium-sized medical institutions are weak in the construction of medical wastewater treatment facilities, and their operation is not completely normal, which is a difficult and important point in current pollution control.The sewage discharged by hospitals consists of two parts, one is domestic wastewater, the pollutants are mainly organic matter, the other is medical wastewater, the pollutants are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and so on. At present, most of the small and medium-sized medical institutions in our country generally adopt the first-level intensified treatment. The typical process is as follows.The characteristic of the first-level intensification process is that it can effectively control pathogens through disinfection process, but the removal effect of COD and BOD is not good and can not meet the re of environmental protection.In recent years, with the progress of social economy and the improvement of people"s awareness of environmental protection, more and more small and medium-sized medical institutions have built a number of secondary biochemical treatment facilities. The processes adopted include A/O, SBR, oxidation ditch and contact oxidation.As can be seen from Table 1, three biological treatment methods, A/O, SBR and oxidation ditch, all have good treatment effect.However, for small and medium-sized medical institutions, due to the lack of funds and managers, there may be insufficient funds in the actual implementation process, or there may be inadequate management and excessive discharge.Relatively speaking, contact oxidation method is more suitable for sewage treatment in small and medium-sized medical institutions, but contact oxidation method lacks oxygen-deficient stage, so the ability of denitrification is weak. Nitrogen in effluent is basically converted to nitrate, ammonia nitrogen may reach the standard, and the essence of total nitrogen has not been removed.The purpose is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned treatment methods and provide a more suitable treatment method for sewage treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals. The treatment process of this method is simple, occupies less land, has low construction investment and operation cost. It can not only meet the sewage treatment standards, but also is easy to operate and manage, and has low re for the of operators.
小型傳染病醫院廢水處理設備
影響氯化消毒的因素
從工程設計和運行管理的角度出發，特別應該考慮的主要因素包括：氯與處理水的混合程度、接觸時間、余氯量、污水的處理程度及水質狀況等。
(1)污水處理程度對消毒效果的影響
污水在消毒之前需要經過預處理，污水中含有的各種無機及有機的污染物質不但會大量消耗消毒劑，而且會影響和降低消毒劑與細菌的接觸和消毒效果。
污水經過不同程度的處理，不但能改善水質，減少水中污染物的含量，而且可以去除和降低污水中微生物的含量。
(2)氯與污水混合程度對消毒效果的影響
消毒劑通過與污水充分混合才能作用于微生物個體，從而殺滅微生物，所以快速的充分混合是保證消毒效果、提高殺菌效率的重要一環。
小型傳染病醫院廢水處理設備
傳染病醫院必須采用二級處理，并需進行預消毒處理,三層TPEP涂層越性能主要是由于它將底層環氧粉末、中間層粘接劑和外層聚乙烯有機地結合成了一個整體，從而使該涂層具有熔結環氧粉末(FBE)涂層和聚乙烯涂層的優點,1.本設備設置控制屏集中控制，風機、水泵以自控為主，人工操作為輔
