手術室污水處理設備小型

 手術室污水處理設備小型
醫院污水消毒處理技術

醫院污水消毒的主要目的是殺死污水中的各種致病菌，同時也可以改善水質，達到國家規定的排放標準。
醫院污水常用的消毒劑有氯化消毒劑、二氧化氯消毒劑和臭氧消毒劑等。
1 氯的殺菌機理

氯化消毒劑主要有：液氯、漂白粉、漂粉精、次氯酸鈉等。
早期認為氯的殺菌機理在于其與水反應釋放出[O]，但事實表明這種觀點是錯誤的。
進一步的研究表明，氯與細菌酶的系統反應是不可逆的，細菌由于酶的鈍化而被滅活。
一般認為，各種消毒劑的滅活效率是消毒劑通過細胞壁擴散速度的函數。
次氯酸是所測得的余氯中殺菌力有效的成分，其原因是次氯酸比較容易滲入細胞壁。
次氯酸的滲透速度類似于水的滲透速度，這是因為次氯酸分子比較小而且不帶電荷。
次氯酸根相對來說殺菌效率比較低，是由于次氯酸根帶有負電荷，而細菌本身也帶有負電荷，所以次氯酸根離子難以進入生物的細胞壁而擴散。

醫院污水的危害

1）醫院污水受到糞便、傳染性細菌和病毒等病原性微生物污染，具有傳染性，可以誘發疾病或造成傷害；

2）醫院污水中含有酸、堿、懸浮固體、BOD、COD和動植物油等有毒、有害物質；

3）牙科治療、洗印和化驗等過程產生污水含有重金屬、消毒劑、有機溶劑等，部分具有致癌、致畸或致突變性，危害人體健康并對環境有長遠影響；

4）同位素治療和診斷產生放射性污水。放射性同位素在衰變過程中產生a-、β-和γ-放射性，在人體內積累而危害人體健康。

處理方法

根據醫院的規模、性質和處理污水排放去向，進行工藝選擇。主要采用的工藝有三種：加強處理效果的一級處理、二級處理和簡易生化處理。醫院污水處理一般采取工程設計、建設及驗收的操作與管理辦法，其處理設施需經過一定時間的試運行，處理效果才能達到預期目的。化學法治理需經一個月的試運行，二級生化法處理需經三個月以上的試運行。因此，小型綜合醫院（主要包括城市衛生服務社區、鄉鎮衛生院）亟需尋求一種資金投入較少、建設周期較短、安全穩妥達標的技術方案（設備）。

1）通常采用物化+生化方法處理，主要工藝有：　絮凝沉淀(物化)+水解酸化(生化)+深度氧化(生化)+消毒---達標排放

絮凝沉淀(物化)+水解酸化(生化)+MBR(生化)+消毒--->達標排放

物化：主要是讓微生物無法分解的有害沉淀，將絮凝劑、混凝劑等化學藥劑加入污水，將有害物轉移至污泥，通過處理污泥達到目的。

生化：是人類發現自然界水體中的微生物對有機物的分解能力，分析總結出：不同環境下的微生物能分解不同有害物，一般采用的是厭氧菌+好氧菌培養，即水解酸化和深度氧化醫院污水處理設備廠家

醫院廢水處理流程工藝選擇原則,從而避免消毒劑用量過大對環境產生的不良影響。醫院污水經化糞池進入調節池，調節池前部設置自動格柵，調節池內設提升水泵,(四)鼓風機：每半年加一次機油，每運行10000小時保養一次(按說明書要求進行),加大飲用水的衛生監督力度，每季度向社會公開飲用水水源水質、水廠出廠水質和用戶水龍頭水質等飲水安全狀況信息,醫院污水處理流程的選擇需要根據醫院的規模、性質來選定

 手術室污水處理設備小型

貴州省貴陽市：南明區、花溪區、白云區、開陽縣、修文縣、清鎮市、云巖區、烏當區、小河區、息烽縣六盤水市：鐘山區、水城縣、盤縣、六枝特區、遵義市：紅花崗區、遵義縣、綏陽縣、安順市：西秀區、普定縣銅仁地區：銅仁市、玉屏侗族自治縣、思南縣、畢節地區：畢節市、黔西縣、織金縣、威寧彝族回族苗族自治縣、赫章縣、大方縣、金沙縣、納雍縣黔西南布依族苗族自治州：安龍縣、興義市、普安縣、貞豐縣、冊亨縣、興仁縣、晴隆縣、望謨縣黔東南南苗族侗族自治州： 凱里市、施秉縣、鎮遠縣、天柱縣、劍河縣、黎平縣、從江縣、麻江縣、丹寨縣、黃平縣、三穗縣<span font-size:16px;color:#cc33cc;">一、 班后

1、下班前應進行巡檢，發現問題及時解決并做好記錄；

2、對水、氣、電等各種管線閥門進行檢查，并應處于良好的工況狀態；

3、做好交接班記錄，認真交接班，對出現的異常情況應交接清楚。

二、設備事故的處理

1、發現設備有異常情況，應立即停機，及時報告相關人員，并記錄值班記錄表內。

2、由于電氣原因引起停機時，應立即報告相關人員進行處理，不得自行修理電氣設備，并記入值班記錄表內。

3、發現電動機異?，F象，應立即停止運行，及時報告相關人員進行處理，并記入值班記錄表內。

4、格柵有異物阻塞時，應及時清除，并且清污時間及清污量記入值班記錄表內。

 

手術室污水處理設備

在A級生物池，由于污水中有機物濃度比較高，微生物處理缺氧狀態，此時微生物為兼性微生物，它們將污水中的有機氮轉化分解成氨氮，同時利用有機碳源作為電子供體將NO2-N、NO3-N轉化為N2，而且還利用部分有機物碳源和氨氮合成新的細胞物質所以A級生物池不僅具有一定的有機物去除功能，減輕后續好氧池的有機負荷，以利于硝化作用的進行；而且依靠原水中存在的較高濃度有機物，完成反硝化作用，終消除氨的富營養化污染,After hydrolysis and acidification, the wastewater enters oxygen-poor tank, contact oxidation tank and secondary sedimentation tank in order to circulate, so that the wastewater is in the environment of anoxic and oxygen-enriched cycle transformation, and the following transformation can be achieved.- Denitrification; converting organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen, transforming ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen through aerobic microbial nitrification bacteria, and then transforming nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through anaerobic microbial denitrification bacteria, escaping from sewage- phosphorus removal; high phosphorus content sludge is formed by phosphorus accumulating bacteria releasing phosphorus in anoxic environment and absorbing excessive phosphorus in oxygen-rich environment.- Degrading organic matter thoroughly; On the basis of hydrolysis acidification, utilizing the characteristics of rapid propagation of aerobic microorganisms in oxygen-rich environment and rapid propagation of anaerobic microorganisms in anoxic environment, degrading organic matter in turn and transforming it into sludge(3) Disinfection of sewage to meet discharge standards(4) Regular removal of sludgeThe characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: the volume of the oxygen-poor pool is much smaller than that of the contact oxidation pool. When the sewage circulates, the residence time in the oxygen-poor pool is very short, while the residence time in the contact oxidation pool is very long, so that the sludge produced by biochemical treatment is mainly deposited in the contact oxidation pool.The characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: the oxygen-poor pool is composed of adjusting aeration pool and anoxic pool in series. The two pools are connected structure. By changing the aeration degree of the adjusting aeration pool, the sewage is fully mixed and the water is uniform.4. The sewage treatment method for small and medium-sized hospitals as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the sewage treatment station also includes a sludge concentration pond which is connected with a contact oxidation pond, and the sludge concentration pond is e with a reflux pipe.與調節曝氣池連通，回流管路上配有回水泵，開啟回水泵，將污泥濃縮池的上層污水泵回調節曝氣池，使下層的污泥濃縮，也使接觸氧化池中的污泥持續進入污泥濃縮池The characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: chlorine dioxide is injected into the drainage pipe of secondary sedimentation tank; chlorine dioxide flow rate is accurately measured by metering pump to reduce residual chlorine residue; at the same time, water body is sufficiently mixed from the contact oxidation tank and aerated by blower to reduce dosage.6. The small and medium-sized hospital sewage treatment method described in Fig. 4 is characterized by that the sewage return flow R = 1:1, i.e. the sewage circulation flow: the treated discharge flow = 1:1.At present, the total number of medical units above county level (including industrial and mining enterprises hospitals, military hospitals, private hospitals and Sino-foreign joint venture hospitals, etc.) in our country (except Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan region) is about 21,000, of which 1041 are tertiary first-class hospitals, accounting for about 5% of the total number of hospitals, 90% of which are small and medium-sized hospitals below secondary level, relatively speaking, large hospitals. All of them have more standardized wastewater treatment systems, and are e with professional maintenance and management. However, due to the reasons of fund, operation cost and personnel , a large number of small and medium-sized medical institutions are weak in the construction of medical wastewater treatment facilities, and their operation is not completely normal, which is a difficult and important point in current pollution control.The sewage discharged by hospitals consists of two parts, one is domestic wastewater, the pollutants are mainly organic matter, the other is medical wastewater, the pollutants are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and so on. At present, most of the small and medium-sized medical institutions in our country generally adopt the first-level intensified treatment. The typical process is as follows.The characteristic of the first-level intensification process is that it can effectively control pathogens through disinfection process, but the removal effect of COD and BOD is not good and can not meet the re of environmental protection.In recent years, with the progress of social economy and the improvement of people"s awareness of environmental protection, more and more small and medium-sized medical institutions have built a number of secondary biochemical treatment facilities.  The processes adopted include A/O, SBR, oxidation ditch and contact oxidation.As can be seen from Table 1, three biological treatment methods, A/O, SBR and oxidation ditch, all have good treatment effect.However, for small and medium-sized medical institutions, due to the lack of funds and managers, there may be insufficient funds in the actual implementation process, or there may be inadequate management and excessive discharge.Relatively speaking, contact oxidation method is more suitable for sewage treatment in small and medium-sized medical institutions, but contact oxidation method lacks oxygen-deficient stage, so the ability of denitrification is weak. Nitrogen in effluent is basically converted to nitrate, ammonia nitrogen may reach the standard, and the essence of total nitrogen has not been removed.The purpose is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned treatment methods and provide a more suitable treatment method for sewage treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals. The treatment process of this method is simple, occupies less land, has low construction investment and operation cost. It can not only meet the sewage treatment standards, but also is easy to operate and manage, and has low re for the of operators.,6.各類電器設備均設電路短路，過載保護裝置以確保電器設備安全運,After hydrolysis and acidification, the wastewater enters oxygen-poor tank, contact oxidation tank and secondary sedimentation tank in order to circulate, so that the wastewater is in the environment of anoxic and oxygen-enriched cycle transformation, and the following transformation can be achieved.- Denitrification; converting organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen, transforming ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen through aerobic microbial nitrification bacteria, and then transforming nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen through anaerobic microbial denitrification bacteria, escaping from sewage- phosphorus removal; high phosphorus content sludge is formed by phosphorus accumulating bacteria releasing phosphorus in anoxic environment and absorbing excessive phosphorus in oxygen-rich environment.- Degrading organic matter thoroughly; On the basis of hydrolysis acidification, utilizing the characteristics of rapid propagation of aerobic microorganisms in oxygen-rich environment and rapid propagation of anaerobic microorganisms in anoxic environment, degrading organic matter in turn and transforming it into sludge(3) Disinfection of sewage to meet discharge standards(4) Regular removal of sludgeThe characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: the volume of the oxygen-poor pool is much smaller than that of the contact oxidation pool. When the sewage circulates, the residence time in the oxygen-poor pool is very short, while the residence time in the contact oxidation pool is very long, so that the sludge produced by biochemical treatment is mainly deposited in the contact oxidation pool.The characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: the oxygen-poor pool is composed of adjusting aeration pool and anoxic pool in series. The two pools are connected structure. By changing the aeration degree of the adjusting aeration pool, the sewage is fully mixed and the water is uniform.4. The sewage treatment method for small and medium-sized hospitals as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the sewage treatment station also includes a sludge concentration pond which is connected with a contact oxidation pond, and the sludge concentration pond is e with a reflux pipe.與調節曝氣池連通，回流管路上配有回水泵，開啟回水泵，將污泥濃縮池的上層污水泵回調節曝氣池，使下層的污泥濃縮，也使接觸氧化池中的污泥持續進入污泥濃縮池The characteristics of sewage treatment methods in small and medium-sized hospitals are as follows: chlorine dioxide is injected into the drainage pipe of secondary sedimentation tank; chlorine dioxide flow rate is accurately measured by metering pump to reduce residual chlorine residue; at the same time, water body is sufficiently mixed from the contact oxidation tank and aerated by blower to reduce dosage.6. The small and medium-sized hospital sewage treatment method described in Fig. 4 is characterized by that the sewage return flow R = 1:1, i.e. the sewage circulation flow: the treated discharge flow = 1:1.At present, the total number of medical units above county level (including industrial and mining enterprises hospitals, military hospitals, private hospitals and Sino-foreign joint venture hospitals, etc.) in our country (except Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan region) is about 21,000, of which 1041 are tertiary first-class hospitals, accounting for about 5% of the total number of hospitals, 90% of which are small and medium-sized hospitals below secondary level, relatively speaking, large hospitals. All of them have more standardized wastewater treatment systems, and are e with professional maintenance and management. However, due to the reasons of fund, operation cost and personnel , a large number of small and medium-sized medical institutions are weak in the construction of medical wastewater treatment facilities, and their operation is not completely normal, which is a difficult and important point in current pollution control.The sewage discharged by hospitals consists of two parts, one is domestic wastewater, the pollutants are mainly organic matter, the other is medical wastewater, the pollutants are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and so on. At present, most of the small and medium-sized medical institutions in our country generally adopt the first-level intensified treatment. The typical process is as follows.The characteristic of the first-level intensification process is that it can effectively control pathogens through disinfection process, but the removal effect of COD and BOD is not good and can not meet the re of environmental protection.In recent years, with the progress of social economy and the improvement of people"s awareness of environmental protection, more and more small and medium-sized medical institutions have built a number of secondary biochemical treatment facilities.  The processes adopted include A/O, SBR, oxidation ditch and contact oxidation.As can be seen from Table 1, three biological treatment methods, A/O, SBR and oxidation ditch, all have good treatment effect.However, for small and medium-sized medical institutions, due to the lack of funds and managers, there may be insufficient funds in the actual implementation process, or there may be inadequate management and excessive discharge.Relatively speaking, contact oxidation method is more suitable for sewage treatment in small and medium-sized medical institutions, but contact oxidation method lacks oxygen-deficient stage, so the ability of denitrification is weak. Nitrogen in effluent is basically converted to nitrate, ammonia nitrogen may reach the standard, and the essence of total nitrogen has not been removed.The purpose is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned treatment methods and provide a more suitable treatment method for sewage treatment in small and medium-sized hospitals. The treatment process of this method is simple, occupies less land, has low construction investment and operation cost. It can not only meet the sewage treatment standards, but also is easy to operate and manage, and has low re for the of operators.,在O級生物池溶解氧控制在3mg／1以上，PH值控制在7.5-8.0。在生物接觸氧化池內起主要作用的是填料，填料的好壞決定了微生物能否被附著上以及是否能生長繁殖好，為對污水中的CODcr、BOD5、NH3—N去除率影響很大,醫院廢水處理流程工藝選擇原則